The Schlieffen Plan :: European Europe History

The Schlieffen Plan The point of the arrangement The point of the arrangement was to abstain from battling two wars without a moment's delay (France and Russia) The Plan The arrangement was to assault France, not on the primary fringe, which was sustained, yet to assault through Belgium and circle the capital Paris. This is completely expected to occur before the anticipated a month and a half it would take for the Russians to prepare their military for activity. This would mean Paris would be taken by Germany, in this manner catching France, at that point the soldiers could go the nation over and assault Russia. What really occurred: * Germans went into Belgium * Belgians exploded railroads which halted Germans * Belgians halted supplies and fortifications getting to the Germans * Britain needed to join war since Germany was assaulting France and Belgium * Sir Edward Gray made parliament battle, he said 'in the event that we don't battle Germany will overwhelm Europe and exchange will endure' * British government sent a message to advise Germans to leave Belgium * No answer to the wire * Britain was at war with Germany * Everyone in all the nations were racing to join the military, they thought their nation was correct and they would win * 100,000 troopers from the BEFC (British Expeditionary Force) arrived in France * more than 1,000,000 French trooper were prepared to utilize plan seventeen to assault Alasce and Lorraine * following 3 weeks everything turned out badly * German soldiers drove into France * Russians activated more rapidly than anticipated, and attacked * troops were taken from France to protect on the eastern front * French and German fighter met at the stream Marne * All the French and English soldiers went to protect on the stream Marne, the skirmish of the Marne started For what reason did it fall flat? The Schlieffen plan fizzled for some reasons. The excursion however Belgium didn't go as the Germans needed. They got eased back down on the grounds that the Belgian armed force set up a battle. This implied the German soldiers were 10 days late. The Germans needed to get the war over with France so they didn't need to battle Russia simultaneously, so when they got deferred, they were in a difficult situation. On the 29th august, Von Cluck (German general) changed the arrangement, with the goal that they didn't assault Paris as arranged, rather they went east and sent more soldiers to assault the posts.

Alcohol Abstinence. A persuasive essay about becoming abstinent from alcohol.

Liquor Abstinence. An influential paper about getting abstinent from liquor. Ever known somebody that was a casualty of a liquor related demise or had their lives destroyed as a result of it? Well I have. In excess of 100,000 US passings are brought about by exorbitant liquor drinking every year. Liquor is a gigantic shackle to individuals and I accept that everybody ought to be abstinent from it. Liquor is destructive to the body, teenagers misuse it and drink underage, and it effectsly affects children.Every year, more cash is spent advancing liquor than some other item. Maybe through its intricate and innovative promoting, the most fundamental, yet significant reality about liquor is frequently ignored: It is a medication. One idea that numerous individuals discover hard to acknowledge is that liquor abuse and liquor issues are a malady. Research has indicated that liquor collaborates with the bodys frameworks in unsurprising manners to prompt physiological dependence. Liquor essentially debilitates judgment and coordination, it can build the opportunity o f forceful acts, it can harm crucial organs, and it can cause malignancy, gastrointestinal disturbances, for example, sickness, loose bowels, and ulcers, hunger and wholesome insufficiencies, sexual dysfunctions, hypertension, brought obstruction down to illness, and others.7338 - Moscow - Bolotnaya Proshad - Children are t...Alcohol is the most usually utilized medication among youngsters today. Underage drinking costs the United States in excess of 58 billion dollars per year. That is sufficient to purchase each government funded school understudy a cutting edge PC. Concerning the previous 30 days, half of secondary school seniors detailed drinking, with 32% report being smashed at any rate once. About 30% of disappointments in school are brought about by liquor and 2-3% of youngsters bite the dust from it. Regardless of the energetic endeavors of thousands of backers, impeded drivers keep on killing somebody like clockwork, about 50 individuals per day, and just about 18,000 resi dents a year.Lots of individuals think the...

Car Classifieds An Overview of the Worlds Largest Players

Car Classifieds An Overview of the World’s Largest Players Gone were the days when the only way you could purchase a new set of wheels was to head to the nearest car dealership or spend a day (or more) going through everything at car showrooms until you came to a decision. Now, there are other ways to go about the process of buying a car, and one of them is through car classifieds. © Shutterstock.com | topsellerIn this article, you will first get 1) a look at car classifieds, and learn then about 2) the worlds largest car classifieds.A LOOK AT CAR CLASSIFIEDSTechnology â€" information technology, to be exact â€" has certainly changed the way that the automotive dealership companies play the game. By bringing the automotive marketplace online, the number of opportunities to close a deal has certainly increased for all parties involved. Car sellers, car dealers, and car buyers are able to get together more easily and quickly.Car classifieds have turned out to be the ideal platforms for prospective buyers of vehicles to find what they are looking for, and for owners and dealers looking to sell their vehicles to find a buyer for their properties.You can compare a car classifieds to a typical online marketplace. The concept is basically the same; it’s just the subject â€" or the main product or item for sale â€" that is markedly different. It contains listings of vehicles by car sellers, with information that are potentially of interest to someone who is looking to buy a car or any type of vehicle.Admittedly, there are several arguments against buying a car â€" or any product, really â€" online, and the main one is security. It becomes especially sensitive when we are talking about transactions involving large sums of money, which a car purchase normally entails. There is also the part about not seeing firsthand what you are actually buying, and relying largely on photos uploaded and posted by the sellers on the website. Many buyers are still apprehensive about parting with a significant amount of money for something that they have not yet taken on a test drive or even seen.But online marketplaces have now improved greatly since the first time they invaded the worldwide web. There are now security measures in place to assure both buyers and sellers that their transactions are secure. Buyers and sellers are also becoming smarter when going a bout their purchase and sale transactions. Soon, the idea of buying a car online does not seem too bad, after all.There are actually several benefits to buying your car through a car classifieds.Car classifieds offer convenience in shopping. This is the main advantage offered by any form of online shopping, really. You get to browse through product choices â€" in this case, car or vehicle choices â€" in the comfort of your own home, without stepping out of your door.Buying through a car classifieds spares buyers from being exposed to high-pressure sales tactics of car dealers. Most of the time, buyers easily cave in to the persuasive tacks taken by car dealers, and they end up buying something that they are not fully satisfied with. Coursing the purchase through a car classifieds allows buyers to do more research on the car they are eyeing. They can take their sweet time looking at the available cars for sale and come back again another day, instead of being pressured by a car selle r or dealer to buy right now.Buyers are better able to make product and price comparisons almost instantly when using a car classifieds. Most of these sites offer a facility that allows buyers to compare prices on vehicles at multiple dealers within a specific geographical area.Since there is no lengthy and meandering sales pitch to deal with, there is no need for haggling which, all too often, jacks up the price to more than its actual value. Pricing in car classifieds is often straightforward and hassle-free, and closer to the actual value of the car.Presently, there is already a large (and growing by the day) number of car classifieds that can be found when you look it up on the internet. It’s bound to be confusing, especially for buyers who are trying to go the car classifieds route for the first time. In an attempt to ease the process a bit, we will look into the world’s largest car classifieds: who they are, what they offer, and why they are good at what they do.THE WORLDâ €™S LARGEST CAR CLASSIFIEDSIn the past, people usually looked through the newspapers and other print media’s classifieds when looking for a car. Then craigslist came along, followed by other online car classifieds.CraigslistFounded by Craig Newmark in 1995 in the San Francisco Bay Area, craigslist is a classified advertisements website for jobs, gigs, housing, community events, personals, services, and for sale items and services. It originally started as an email distribution list about local social events, until it evolved into a web-based service finally offering classifieds for other categories, such as jobs and housing units.Currently, craigslist is serving over 570 cities in 70 countries all over the world. It is also considered to be the largest automotive marketplace in the USA, serving all 50 states.Owners and dealers submit information of the vehicle for sale to the website. Once the information has been submitted, the advertisement will appear on the listing.Pros:craigs list is free. That means there is no fee to be paid by sellers for making a car listing.craigslist offers three ways for prospective buyers to view car, truck or vehicle advertisements: all vehicles, vehicles being sold by the owners or private party, and vehicles being sold by dealers. This allows users who are wary of dealing with dealers to go through vehicles being sold by private parties only, and vice versa.Buyers do not have to spend much on shipping charges, since craigslist operates locally. With craigslist serving more than 570 cities all over the world, there is bound to be a craigslist in your area, and you will be buying or selling to someone within the same location, so this saves any massive shipping or transport fees for the vehicle.Buyers are likely to find good deals on craigslist, since sellers and dealers are, most of the time, willing to negotiate, particularly on price points.Sellers can easily post their cars for sale on craigslist, since all it takes is a few minutes to create an account and post their listing.Cons:There is no firm commitment on the part of craigslist. Buyers are not covered by any guarantees, which means the sellers can say something then do not actually follow up on it. It is possible for a buyer to go into negotiations with a seller, for the latter to “disappear” completely halfway through the transaction. In short, buyer protection is lacking.Updating of listing is solely the responsibility of the seller, so there is no indication on whether the car has already been sold or not unless the seller takes the listing down or says so on the post. As a result, there are listings that are still up, even if the vehicle is already unavailable months ago.There is no indication on the amount of interest that a listing is generating, so it is possible for a car that you have been watching to disappear from the list because someone else acted before you did.The usability of craigslist is comprably worse than on other car cla ssifieds.AutoTraderAutoTrader proclaims itself to be the “Ultimate Automotive Marketplace”, catering to car shoppers and car sellers â€" both dealers and private sellers â€" alike. It was founded in 1997 as a subsidiary of Cox Enterprises, but is now wholly owned by AutoTrader Group of companies.AutoTrader specializes in the sale of automotive products alone, whether they are new, used, or certified second-hand. That is the major difference of this car classifieds from craigslist, which is said to be its toughest competition. It offers listings of new and used vehicles from private sellers and dealers, as well as other services that consumers â€" sellers and buyers alike â€" find useful in conjuction with their car purchase transactions.As a car classifieds site, it was able to receive various recognitions and awards, such as the 2010 Most Useful Automotive Site by J.D. Power and Associates, and the 2012 Information Week 500 Award. In 2013, AutoTrader also won the Dealers’ Cho ice Diamond Awards for New and Used Vehicle Internet Leads.Pros:AutoTrader is not just about making the sale. It also offers other services that help consumers, especially those who prefer doing some research first before making a decision. Consumers can also look into the various tips, shopping advices and suggestions provided on the site and its social media pages.There are certain levels of firm commitment, where buyers may choose from options of various levels of service. AutoTrader can have its representatives handle most of the details of a sale or purchase transaction. They also have a free service for the valuation of vehicles.AutoTrader vets its sellers through a pre-screening process conducted by the firm’s representatives.The site also has valid and legitimate reviews of new and used cars, provided by the firm’s own editorial team. Comparison tools are also available, especially on car financing and car insurance information.Cons:Listing at AutoTrader is quite expensi ve, especially for the period of coverage of the advertisements. A standard advertisement costs $25, and it will run for 4 weeks, with the seller able to upload up to 3 photos of the car being sold. After the period has lapsed, the seller or dealer has the option of upgrading the status of the listing or continuing it. A premier ad listing, which allows the ad to “Run ‘til It Sells” and is featured in the listings, cost sellers or dealers $100, with 18 slots for photos.Compared to craigslist, the reach of AutoTrader is smaller, although it also operates locally.eBay MotorseBay is one of the largest e-commerce companies and online marketplaces in the world today. This multibillion-dollar business, which was founded only in 1995, is now operating locally in more than 30 countries worldwide. Although it started initially as an online auction and shopping website, it now sells a very wide variety of goods and services, with categories such as Fashion, Electronics, Collectibles Ar t, Home Garden, Sporting Goods, Toys Hobbies, and Motors.eBay Motors is the arm of eBay that focuses on the sale and purchase of motor vehicles. Aside from cars, trucks and other types of vehicles, the site also allows the listing of vehicle parts and accessories, and other automotive tools and supplies. The listings cover brand new, used and certified pre-owned cars.Pros:eBay has a larger reach, compared to other car classifieds by virtue, perhaps of it’s being an already established name when it comes to online marketplaces.eBay provides many useful tools for both sellers and buyers to evaluate a potential transaction with another party. The feedback system is a good way to gauge the trustworthiness of the seller you are planning to buy from, or the buyer you are about to transact with. Selling tools are available, and they include a Selling Manager and the generation of Sales Reports.Sellers can provide as much detailed information as they want about the vehicle they are sell ing, since eBay provides an unlimited scope for the listing. Potential buyers will feel more confident with a listing that is detailed and comprehensive.Sellers feel more secure since, upon winning an auction or the buyer clicking on the Buy It option, deposit is already paid, so there is a higher probability of the transaction going through.Cons:Going on eBay Motors to look for something to buy will not cost a consumer anything; making a listing of a vehicle you want to sell, however, requires a certain fee. Sellers have to pay selling fees, which are broken down further into the Insertion Fee (the listing fee), the Successful Listing Fee (a fee when the vehicle listed sells), and other optional fees, such as the Advanced Listing Upgrade Fees and Supplemental Service Fees. The total fees will depend largely on the vehicle being listed.CarmudiCarmudi is still a relatively new online car classifieds, having started operations only in 2013. However, by targeting emerging automotive ma rkets, it has managed to grow into a major operation, expanding out of its headquarters in Berlin, Germany to various parts of Asia and the Pacific Region, Africa, Middle East, and Mexico.Carmudi’s operations are solely as a vehicle marketplace, providing a platform for car sellers, dealers and buyers to find vehicles online. The company focuses more on the quality of listings and value proposition instead of the number of listings.Pros:Carmudi has recently launched its mobile website and a mobile app, making it easier for those who prefer to transact via their mobile devices to do so.The site offers a search functionality that stays true to Carmudi’s role as a dedicated vehicle platform. It is certainly easier for prospective buyers to look for their dream cars since all they have to do is enter specific parameters and the site will search through the inventory listings for them.Carmudi also offers professional car sellers support on how they can present themselves and their of ferings to potential buyers.Cons:The mobile application is still only available for Android devices. Hopefully, it will also be available for iOS users in the future.Those who are used to seeing a multitude of listings may be disappointed by the smaller number of listings available on the local Carmudi site they are looking at.Cars.comLaunched in 1998, Cars.com has once been cited by many websites as the “complete car sales megasite”. This car classifieds, which operates out of its headquarters in Chicago, Illinois, is one of the providers of the listings appearing in Yahoo! Autos.Cars.com also acts as a reviews site not just for cars, but also for dealers. Another service that consumers can get from this car classifieds company is getting estimates for repairs, as well as locating certified service centers for their vehicle’s repair and maintenance needs. This stems from its current partnerships with Auto.com, NewCars.com, and RepairPal.com.Pros:Cars.com’s slogan is “All drive, no drama”, which explains the straightforward functionality offered by the site. Searching for your dream car has been simplified, and the accompanying specs and reviews certainly make the process of car shopping easier.The many reviews, lists and guides made available by the editorial team allows for more research and informed decision-making on the part of the buyers. They are also very well-written and detailed, providing the information that is most needed by vehicle shoppers.Cons:Just like other online marketplaces, there are no concrete buyer or seller protection utilities to prevent bogus buyers or those that start a transaction but do not follow through on them.OodleFounded in 2004, the online marketplace called oodle.com has earned the reputation of being the largest aggregator of classifieds, collecting listings from other online marketplaces â€" eBay included â€" and local websites and publications.Aside from pets, merchandise, real estate, jobs and rentals, oodl e also offers classifieds for vehicles such as cars, motorcycles, RVs, and boats. Being an aggregator of other online marketplaces means that oodle contains more listings than your usual, smaller car classifieds site.Pros:Oodle came up with an email anonymization service in order to protect buyers and sellers from being scammed by people who are out to defraud them.Since oodle uses the power of social media and collects listings from other sources, there are bound to be more advertisements for car shoppers to browse.Oodle has partnered with Twitter and Facebook, so listings on Oodle can also be accessed through Facebook. This is a good option for those who prefer toCons:Having too many listings sourced from many marketplaces tend to make the list of choices convoluted and end up confusing buyers. Some sellers may not even update the status of their listings, so buyers may be inquiring over a vehicle that has long been sold already.Except for some safety tips, there is no real or dec isive protection for buyers and sellers against scammers.Other car classifieds:Hemmings is said to be the world’s “largest collector car marketplace”, where you can find advertisements for classic, antique or vintage, and exotic cars and their parts and accessories in the Hemmings Parts Marketplace. The target audience is clearly the car collectors, who are willing to pay top dollar for these classic vehicles.mobile.de is the largest vehicle online marketplace for Germany. It allows users to sell their vehicles on the site, and for buyers to specify the parameters of the vehicles they are looking for, whether it is used or new, and other details such as the make, model and mileage. It also allows users to get New Car quotes.KBB (Kelley Blue Book): The Trusted Marketplace takes pride in providing trusted information needed by those who are buying and selling vehicles. It has a long history of being involved in transactions related to automobile and other automotive products, bu t it was only in 2004 when it made use of the internet and became a car classifieds company that offers listings on vehicles, as well as reviews and guides.

The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gillman

â€Å"I sometimes fancy that in my condition, if I had less opposition and more society and stimulus, but john says the very worst thing I can do is think about my condition and I confess it always make me feel bad†. This quote from the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† serve as an implicit criticism of given in the nineteenth century women who prefer not to think about their condition. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† written by Charlotte Perkin Gillman is often referred to as a feminist short story. The narrator is the story goes insane suffering from Post-Partum, because her role in society is limited and constricted. The short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper has a lot of reasoning and character behind the author Charlotte Perkins Gillman. Charlotte Perkins Gillman the author of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper. Gillman was born on July 3,1860 in Hartford, Connecticut. Gillman was a writer and social activist in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s. Sh e had a difficult childhood. Gilman farther abounded the family leaving her mother to raised two children. Gillman married and artist name Charles Stetson. They had a daughter name Katherine. Gillman experienced a serve depression and underwent a series of unusual treatment for her depression. Developing depression by both a serve case of Post- Partum. She describes her as a â€Å"worse horror then before†. She agreed to undergo hypothetically advance and effective rust care treatment to cure her of her agonizing depression. Her well document treatment forShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gillman954 Words   |  4 Pagesstory, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† written in 1892, by Charlotte Perkins Gillman, wrote this short story after suffering from her own â€Å"personal nervous breakdown in 1885. It is a semi-autobiographical record of psychiatric treatment and the descent into ‘madness’.† In that time, little relief and help was available. Gilman emphasizes that fear has copious power through the devices of imagery, the ghostly sight, the characterization through the dark thoughts, and the symbol of the wallpaper, her life,Read MoreTheme Of Realism InThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gillman740 Words   |  3 PagesHave you ever felt like you were losing your mind? Well, one may just do so after reading â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, one of Charlotte Perkins Gillman’s most popular stories. For the first time, we’re able to see through the eyes of a crazed woman and her thoughts in her descent into total insanity. After having a child, the woman falls â€Å"ill.† Her husband, John, is a physician. He diagnoses her with nervous depression and puts her in the old nursery of the summer home they had recently moved into forRead More Freedom for Women in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gillman and The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin1202 Words   |  5 PagesFree dom for Women in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gillman and The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gillman and The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin are two feminist works in which liberation is the overlying theme. Both of the main characters achieve freedom from their husbands oppression in these short stories; however, freedom is only achieved through insanity in The Yellow Wallpaper and death in The Story of an Hour. The womenRead MoreAnalysis of Charlotte Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper969 Words   |  4 PagesYellow Wallpaper Annotated Bibliography Frye, C.B. Using Literature in Health Care: Reflections on The Yellow Wallpaper. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. (32: 7). 1998. 829.33. Print. Most people who wrote about The Yellow Wallpaper do so from the perspective of a literary scholar. This however is written by someone in the health care field. C.B. Frye says that fiction can impact the larger world; in this case it impacted mental health and the work of Gillmans doctor, S Weir Mitchell. AlthoughRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman2032 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a poem about women facing unequal marriages, and women not being able to express themselves the way they want too. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860, and died in 1935. This poem was written in 1892. When writing this poem, women really had no rights, they were like men’s property. So writing â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† during this time era, was quite shocking and altered society at the time. (Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the Feminization ofRead MoreTh e Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins1189 Words   |  5 PagesAubi-Ann Genus Ms.Vedula 4 December 2015 â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† a Feminist Story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gillman focuses on the oppression of women in the 19th century. The story introduces us into the awareness of a woman who is slowly going insane over the course of the summer. She recently just gave birth to a baby and is most likely suffering from some type of depression. Analyzing this story, we see the frustrations of women during The Victorian era. Women were manipulatedRead More Essay on The Yellow Wallpaper: Imprisoned785 Words   |  4 PagesImprisoned in  The Yellow Wallpaper    As man developed more complex social systems, society placed more emphasis of childbearing. Over time, motherhood was raised to the status of â€Å"saintly†. This was certainly true in western cultures during the late 19th/early 20th century.   Charlotte Perkins Gilman did not agree with the image of motherhood that society proposed to its members at the time. â€Å"Arguably ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’ reveals women’s frustration in a culture that seemingly glorifies motherhoodRead MoreFeminism in The Yellow Wallpaper609 Words   |  2 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, like many stories, has an underlying message that seems to be hidden between the lines. If you sit down and read this story once, you might see a bit of male domination of John over the narrator, but if you read it a second time and think deeper you see the true feminist theme. Gillman truly showed her feminist ways throughout this story, although it’s a short story and contains a lot of powerful messages in it. The first point is that Gillman uses metaphors to show her feminismRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat wallpaper as I did?† the woman behind the pattern was an image of herself. She has been the one â€Å"stooping and creeping.† The Yellow Wallpaper was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In the story, three characters are introduced, Jane (the narrator), John, and Jennie. The Yellow Wallpaper is an ironic story that takes us inside the mind and emotions of a woman suffering a slow mental breakdown. The narrator begins to think that another woman is creeping around the room behind the wallpaper, attemptingRead Moreâ€Å"The labor of women in the house, certainly, enables men to produce more wealth than they otherwise1300 Words   |  6 Pages But so are horses.† Stated by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. She compared the labor of women to a horse because just as a horse has n o say neither did women. She states that men could be wealthier if women were to work instead of doing only house work but they are entitled to keep up the house and that is there economic function in society. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was a huge feminist in her time and influenced women through her literature such as The Yellow Wallpaper which displayed the struggles of

Technological Innovations In The Banking Industry And Their Effects On Performance Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2433 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Information Systems Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION In recent times, the emergence of Information Technology has been incorporated into the Banking Industry. This advent of Information Technology (IT) has propelled a noticeable change in the Banking Sector. Information Technology (IT) to all computer based information systems used by an organisation and their underlying technologies (Langdon and Langdon, 2006) Information Technology systems are revolutionising the operations of firms, industries and markets. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Technological Innovations In The Banking Industry And Their Effects On Performance Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Langdon and Langdon also defined an IT system as a set of interrelated components that collect (or remove), process, store and distribute information to support decision making, coordination and control. It also helps managers and workers to analyse problems, visualise complex subjects and create new products. IT is one of the most important tools along with the innovations in organisations and management. Research has shown the investment in IT plays a critical role in increasing the productivity of firms (Zhu et a l, 2004 The business world is in the midst of a networking and communication revolutions driven by the growth of internet, internet based technologies, new business models and processes that leverage the new products. Banking Trends Worldwide Over the past decade, service organisations including commercial banks have been driven by such trends such as advancements in technology and deregulation to enhance their distribution channels. Technology in Banking can mainly be found in the form of computer based applications and information technology. Currently, delivery trends in banking include, PC Banking, Internet Banking, Mobile Banking, Managed networks, TV-Based, Automated Teller Machines(ATM), Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale(EFTPOS) etc. Importance of Technology in Banking A number of studies have concluded that IT has significant positive effects on bank productivity, cashiers work, banking transactions, bank patronage as well as its service delivery thus a positive effect on growth of banking. (Balachandher et al, 2001: Hunter, 1991) It has also been said that, technology enables banks to reduce costs, i.e., reduction of operating labour cost, cost of collecting, storing and processing information fall and interest expense is more competitive because technology enables banks to access liabilities more cheaply. Also, technology enable banks to serve their customers better and faster (convenience of having 24 hour access to ATMs, internet banking and telephone banking) and also it enables banks have diverse banking products. Finally, technology enables banks increase revenue and capture new markets by offering broader array of services and doing banking business worldwide. Technology is the is the key to quality service in banking. Statement of the problem Top management in the Banking Industry invest in Information Technology with the expectation will result in higher productivity and/or provide the bank with a stronger market presence and related competitive advantage. With the deregulation of the Banking industry, completion has increased considerably thus in managing operational costs, IT has become critical to achieve a competitive advantage (Mistry, 2006) Although most researchers conducted on this topic have yielded mixed results, most of them have shown that IT and bank performance are independent of one another. However, this research is aimed at finding out if, indeed, the same holds for the Ghanaian Banking Industry or if the Ghanaian Banking Industry is benefiting from the incorporation of IT into daily banking operations. Hypothesis A scientific assumption that will consist of measurable variables linked by a relationship that explains how IT impacts bank performance in that IT has enhanced banks service deli very, product line customer data base management and credit allocation. This assumption is that the higher the IT expenditure used by a bank, the higher its revenue. Aims and Objective of study To describe the Technological Environment of Ghanas Banking Industry. To find if there is a relationship between IT and Bank Performance. Scope of the Study The study focuses on banks currently using IT based service delivery in Greater Accra Region. Furthermore, the sample size was limited to Ten (10) universal banks out Twenty-five (25) CHAPTER 2 Literature Review Firms invest substantial amounts of resources to sustain or enhance their competitive advantage, that is , their abilities to compete globally. These expenditures are usually made to sustain shareholder value through either a revenue growth strategy or a productivity strategy. According to kim et al (2004), a revenue growth strategy involves expanding new markets, new customers and service while a Productivity Strategy involves making improvements in cost structure and asset utilization. Investing in IT is highly important for improving core competencies for firms in the Banking Industry. Information Technologies are essential tools for developing new financial services, financial products and providing effective and convenient services to customers. The environment in the Banking Industry has become IT intensive (Kim et al , 2004). Banks have moved into online banking systems using IT systems such as Cash Dispensers or Automated teller Machines, Telephone Banking and Internet B anking. Several studies have been conducted to investigate the economic consequences of IT an the Banking Industry. Most of these researches focused on whether IT provides positive economic benefits or not. Although the evidence appears mixed, some studies found that the IT Productivity Paradox disappeared when the use of IT was well matched with its business strategy such as revenue growth or productivity strategy (Porter, 2001; Simmons, 1998; and Brynjolfsson and Yang, 1996). Thus managers first concern in investing in IT must be how to combine IT and business strategy in order to obtain a higher business performance. Modern Banking Practice Since the 1980s, the Banking Sector has been in a process of significant transformation that started in the United States and later moved to Europe. The main forces behind this transformation of the Banking Industry according to Reixach (2001), are deregulation and innovation in information technologies. Both forces have brought about an increased competition not only among banks but also from other financial and even non-financial institutions. Banks now depend on income from fees rather that interest rate spreads and also competition has in some cases, encouraged banks taking higher risks for which there might only be a little gain. On the other hand, the transformation of the Banking Industry has contributed to the blurring differences between retail, wholesale and investment banking. Banks in America have steered towards specialisation while in Europe the trend is tailored towards Universal Banking. Specialization has been the trend in the early Ghanaian banking industry. In the last ten years, the trend has changed with few banking converting to Universal Banks and the issuance of Universal Licences to new banks. 2.1.1 Type of IT Innovations Information technologies are having a big impact on the reshaping of the Banking Idustry leading to the development of new financial products and new means of developing them. With regards to the delivery of bank products, the last decade has seen the appearance of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) and Telephone Banking, and now seeing the spread of Internet Banking. Banking business is now a 24 hour and a 365 day activity with customers having to spend less hours of waiting for service. The main types of IT innovations currently present in the Ghanaian Banking Industry are ATMs, Internet Banking, PC banking, Telephone Banking, Branch Networking, and Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale (EFTPoS) Bank Performance According to Madura (2001), the main measures of Bank Performance are return on the asseta and return on equity. Return on Assets (ROA) is mainly influenced by financial characteristics such as net interest margin, non -interest revenue, non-interest expenses and loan losses. Bank decisions that affect the financial characteristics of banks are deposit rate decisions, loan rate decisions, loan losses, bank services offered, overhead requirements, efficiency, advertising and the risk level of loans provided. Return on equity on the other hand is influenced by the return on assets (ROA) and the banks leverage measure. Several studies have been conducted on the IT and firm performance. Advances in IT permit management to change and improve significant aspects of a firms structure and operations (Porter, 2001; Stanmbaugh and Carpenter, 1992; and Elliot, 1992). Studies investigating effect on firms profitability, according to Kim et al (2004) focused on whether It expenditur3e is converted into business value; eg. reduced expenses, increased revenue or i mproved operating performance. The evidence appear mixed on the effect of IT on financial performance (Brynjolfsson and Yang, 1996). Brynjolfsson and Hitt (1994) found out that IT improved the firms productivity and created substantial value for customers but did not improve profitability In sum, many studies have shown that IT Reduces operating costs (Barua et al, 1995) Increases market share and productivity (Brynjolfsson and Hitt, 1994) Increases future economic benefits and profitability ( Brown, Gatain, and Hicks, JR., 1995) The context of the Study History of It in Ghanas Banking Industry Abor (2002) in his paper Technological Innovations and Banking in Ghana gives a history of It in Ghana in stated that before the 1980s it was only the use of office automation devices such as Telephones, telefax and facsimile were employed to speed and make more efficient the process of serving banks customers. Later in the 1985 and beyond, as competition intensifie d and the personal computer (PC) got proletarian, banks begun using the in the back-office operations and later tellers used the for customer services. Advancements got banks networking their branches and operations and the first ATM was installed by the Trust Bank Ghana in 1995. Other technologies such as Electronic Cards became popular as foreign banks came on the scene with increased competition and service delivery that need IT. Clydestone Ghana Limited Clydestone Ghana Limited is a leading provider of information, communication and technology in Ghana. Listed as the first ICT company on the Ghana Stock Exchange is specialized in payment systems, networking and outsourcing and is the sole supplier of UNISYS in Ghana. Their outsourcing installs and manages most of Ghanas ATMs and Point of Sale Terminal (POS). CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This chapter describes the research process. A mixture of qualitative and quantitative research techniques will be used. However, primarily a desk research will be conducted to cover the Ghanaian Banking Industry and interview with Banks IT service providers of which the greater percentage comes from Clydestone Ghana Limited. 3.1 Target Group and Sampling Procedure This research will be focused on banks, irrespective of their categories, which are currently employing some form of IT in their daily operations. Three Banks will be chosen for the case study; namely, Cal Bank Ghana Limited, EcoBank Ghana Limited and Ghana Commercial Bank Limited. Cal Bank and ECOBank are the topmost Banks which employ the most forms of IT innovations. Secondly, these banks have been involved in several changes since its attainment of a universal licence. Ghana Commercial Bank which is the traditional commercial bank has a wide network of branches but has not adopted most of the recent IT innovative service delivery products thus a part of the sample for the studies. 3.2 Sources of Data The study will obtain information from primary and secondary data 3.2.1 Primary Data Top management personnel of Clydestone Ghana Limited will be interviewed to obtain the information on the various IT devices and technologies that banks use in their daily operations. 3.2.2 Secondary Data Secondary data that will be used and are accessible are; Bankscope The Ghana Banking Survey 2000-2009 Annual Reports of the 3 named Banks The Internet 3.2.3 Time Frame Data collection will be limited to a time frame of the last nine (9) years. This is because during the period under review, the Banking Industry experienced a lot of changes; events such as the introduction of Universal Banking, the influx of Nigerian Banks, and the introduction of the new Capital Accord occurred. The period under review will be from 2001 to 2009. 3.3 Methods/Procedures A preliminary survey will be conducted to determine the number of banks currently employing some for IT in their service deliver y. This will be conducted on all twenty-five (25) banks in the Ghana Banking Industry to collect information on various IT based products for bank customers. Clydestone Ghana Limited, an IT service provider for banks, in order to determine the extent to which banks depend on information technology. These Interviews will be conducted to find out the number, types and frequency of Information Technology devices available and employed by banks. 3.4 Treatment of Finds The findings from the research process will be analysed mainly by trend analysis, ratio analysis and regression analysis to allow inferences to be made. Three measure will be used to evaluate bank performance. These are return on assets, return on equity and operating profit in three regression models. 3.4.1 Trend and Ratio Analysis This is based on the assumption that economic performance follows an established pattern and, therefore, historical data can be used to predict future business activity. This will be used to show whether since the introduction of IT in the banking industry certain variables such as loans and advances have changed with a consistence ratio. This will also be used to forecast the future of IT in banking industry. 3.4.2 Graphical Presentations These include bar charts, pie charts, tables and graphs. They will be used to show the relationship between the two variables being tested; IT and bank performance. 3.4.3 Computer Applications Microsoft Excel 2003 will be instrumental to present the findings in graphical forms, then used too interpret the finding from primary survey in order to select a sample to analyse financial ratios of the samples to be able to perform the regression analysis. 3.4.4 Regression Analysis Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework of this study, as in Figure 1 below, shows that the investments in Information Technology can influence firm performance, i.e. IT has a positive effect on performance. In order to av oid any interference by the other variables, this study includes control variables which are the firms characteristics, namely; non-interest revenues, non-interest expenses, capital structure of the bank and the growth in net interest income of the firm. The study will employ multiple regression models to examine the relationship of It investment on bank performance. Regarding the measurement of firm performance, this study will use performances which are based on accounting measures. Although some researchers have expressed concern over the use of accounting rates of return (Fisher and McGowan, 1983), most studies regard the accountin g measures as acceptable. Cheng and Chun (2005) used return on assets (ROA) as a measure of firm performance. In order to increase the reliability of empirical results, two other models will be used. These models will be return on equity and bank profit as measures of bank financial performance. To avoid the impact caused by other variable s that are absent from my model, this study refers to prior research (Cheng and Chun, 2005) and chooses the firm characteristics as capital structure and growth in net interest income. The study also refers to Kim and Davidson (2004) and selects Net Spread, Return on Equity and Return on assets as control variables with bank operating profits as the dependent variable.

Plastic and Specific Technical Needs Free Essays

Answer: Plastic was thought to be a boon but it turned out to be a curse. Plastic can be very harmful as it produces harmful gases when it is burned. As it is non bio degradable, it is harmful to the soil and takes hundreds of years to degrade or decompose. We will write a custom essay sample on Plastic and Specific Technical Needs or any similar topic only for you Order Now Plastic is a boon for man but it is a curse for the master. It makes life comfortable for man but life tiring for the environment. Once animals have eaten it and due to choking they die Plastic is very harmful to living things. We should decrease the use of plastic. In India use of plastic has been banned. Packaging represents the largest single sector of plastics use in the world today. Benefits of plastics-Boon The considerable growth in plastic use is due to the beneficial properties of plastics. These include: Extreme versatility and ability to be tailored to meet very specific technical needs. Lighter weight than competing materials, reducing fuel consumption during transportation. Extreme durability. Resistance to chemicals, water and impact. Good safety and hygiene properties for food packaging. Excellent thermal and electrical insulation properties. Relatively inexpensive to produce. Plastics makes up around 7% of the average household dustbin. Effects of plastic-Curse. Plastics production also involves the use of potentially harmful chemicals, which are added as stabilisers or colorants. Many of these have not undergone environmental risk assessment and their impact on human health and the environment is currently uncertain. An example of this is phthalates, which are used in the manufacture of PVC. PVC has in the past been used in toys for young children and there has been concern that phthalates may be released when these toys are sucked (come into contact with saliva). Risk assessments of the effects of phthalates on the environment are currently being carried out. The disposal of plastics products also contributes significantly to their environmental impact. Because most plastics are non-degradable, they take a long time to break down, possibly up to hundreds of years – although no-one knows for certain as plastics haven’t existed for long enough – when they are landfilled. With more and more plastics products, particularly plastics packaging, being disposed of soon after their purchase, the landfill space required by plastics waste is a growing concern. Plastic waste, such as plastic bags, often becomes litter. For example, nearly 57% of litter found on beaches in 2003 was plastic. Recycling plastic -Advantages. Conservation of non-renewable fossil fuels – Plastic production uses 8% of the world’s oil production, 4% as feedstock and 4% during manufacture. Reduced consumption of energy. Reduced amounts of solid waste going to landfill. Reduced emissions of carbon-dioxide (CO2), nitrogen-oxide (NO) and sulphur-dioxide (SO2) How to cite Plastic and Specific Technical Needs, Papers

Handgun Ownership Essay Sample free essay sample

On 2nd April 2012. A shooting incident that killed seven people and injured many people happened in a university in Oakland. California. There is another hiting incident in 9 yearss subsequently in Los Angeles. Peoples starts to oppugn why it will go on and how to forestall it. Some people think that citizen should non have pistol while others deem that it is an of import right of the citizens. Therefore. I would wish to lift some grounds on both sides to discourse this hot issue. To get down with people can utilize their pistol for self-defence and amusement. In American. non every houses or flats are close constabulary Stationss. Time is besides needed for constabulary to make to victim in instance of exigency after people call 911. Therefore. owing handgun go a barbarous manner to protect victim themselves when they facing danger without the aid of constabulary. For illustration. if there is a adult male want to kill or rob you. We will write a custom essay sample on Handgun Ownership Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page you can utilize a pistol to protect yourself by merely force the trigger to wound him. Even you do non cognize how to utilize it or make non desire to ache him. a arm which is more than merely au naturel manus can scare the mobster. Besides. it is neer a good thought for a condemnable to ache a people with pistol. Furthermore. the ownership provide amusement for people. Gun nines and festival has a long is one of the most popular leisure activities in America. Peoples shoot in a safe field with the presence of teacher for merriment or to let go of emphasis. Furthermore. shot is a athleticss and involvement for people to hold amusement merely like other ball games. We can detect that it is recognized by Olympic to hold universe broad hiting competitions. On the other manus. the ownership can take to accidents and more offenses. There are some gun stores on street that allow people to obtain guns easy. Thus. the ownership provides a convenient mean for mobster to make arms for condemnable activities. Furthermore. it can do citizen to make offense easy in instance of most of the people have handgun. For case. if two males get into a battle since there is an statement between them. one of them may take out a gun to injure or even slay the other 1. Furthermore. the ownership may bring forth accidents. Since that guns are merely arms and we can non do certain that guns ever work absolutely without any mistake. hence. it is possible for guns to travel off by chance. Furthermore. if grownup do non set their guns into safety infinite. kids may take it and handle it as playthings. Therefore. guns will do inflectional morphology and even go the deathly toys to kids All in all. although handgun ownership can do more inflectional morphology and offense. it is decidedly one of the of import rights for people to hold amusement and ability for self-defence. The ownership is used for offense or right intent is non depends on ordinance but the pick of people. Therefore. the authorities should set more attempt and resource on instruction alternatively of limitation.